Organization Of The Directed Flows Of Electrolytes In Vicinity Of Ferromagnetic Particles
ORGANIZATION OF THE DIRECTED FLOWS OF ELECTROLYTES IN VICINITY OF FERROMAGNETIC PARTICLES
IN A PERMANENT MAGNETIC FIELD
S. V. Gorobets1, O. Yu. Gorobets2, N. P. Bandurka2
1Ukrainian state university of food technology, Vladimirskaya St., 68 Kiev
2Institute of Magnetism NAS of Ukraine, Vernadskogo St. 36-b, 252142 Kiev
The stationary flows of electrolytes, prepared on the basis of salts, acids and alkalis, are formed in vicinity of fine-grained ferromagnetic particles, placed in an external permanent magnetic field [1-3]. The steel needles and iron balls were used as the fine-grained ferromagnetic particles. The influence of an external magnetic field on velocity of movement of electrolytes [1, 2] was determined. The direction of movement of the solutions depends as well on surface coverings of a ferromagnetic particle [1].
The paper is devoted to investigation of the stationary flows of various liquid solutions in vicinity of ferromagnetic balls, needles and cylinders, placed in a permanent magnetic field. The flows of different electrolytes have different directions, depending on particular ions, dissociated into a solution. The dependencies of velocities of electrolytes on the sizes of ferromagnetic particles and also on distance from particle surface are received.
The experiments were carried out on installation described in [3]. Ferromagnetic particle (the sizes of particles vary from 100 up to 6000 micrometers) was located in a cuvette described in [1,2]. The cuvette was filled by a solution of salt, acid or alkali. The following solutions were made: 12% solutions of and , diluted sulfuric (), hydrochloric (), nitric acids with pH = 1,2-2,5, alkalis (pH = 12,5). Various nonmagnetic fine-grained particles were used as indicators of movement of electrolytes. The solutions, prepared on the basis of biological media, were used also. Alive objects (microorganisms causing process of lactic acid and acetous acid fermentation) served the indicators of movement in this case. Movement of a solution was observed after switching on an external homogeneous magnetic field (from 1000 up to 3000 Oe). The velocity of liquid changed within the first several minutes of the experiment and after that it became permanent during
about 20 minutes. The movement of solution stopped in result of switching off a magnetic field in case of electrolytes with mechanical impurities and in the case of electrolytes with biological objects. The direction of movement of one dissolved substances is opposite to the direction of movement of other dissolved substances. The direction of flows of solutions in vicinity of ferromagnetic particles does not depend on a class of dissolved substance. It depends on particular ions, dissociated in a solution. The velocity of movement of liquid depends on the size of ferromagnetic particle and on distance from its surface. The process of catching a part of impurities by a ferromagnetic particle was observed on a background of the directed flows in a set of experiments (with , solutions etc).
It is shown in the paper that, it is possible to operate the movement of solutions and to organize their directed flows for the certain mutual arrangement of a set of ferromagnetic particles with different coverings of their surface. These effects can find application for the development of new methods of magnetic separation and filtration of liquid media.
References
1. Gorobets S.V., Gorobets Yu. I., Pimenov Yu. M., Melnichuk I.A. // Nauchniy vestnic MGA Ukraine V. 3. - 1998. - P.67 - 69.
2. Gorobets S.V., Melnichuk I.A. // Vestnyk Sumskogo gosuniversiteta. - 1999. - 2 (13). - p.25 - 28.
3. Gorobets Yu. I., Gorobets S.V. // Magnitnaya gydrodinamika.- 2000.- V.36, N1.- p. 75-78.
4. Gorobets S.V., Pimenov Yu. N. // Nauka proizvodstvu -1998.- N 4.- p.28-31.
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