Ecological Education
ECOLOGICAL EDUCATION
R.I. Nikitenko
School of 1-3 levels, Karolino-Bugaz, Ukraine
The protection of an environment is inconceivable without participation in this business of a wide public, because it is not present and there can not be such service, which could carry out the all-round and constant control of use of all natural resources and condition of an environment coastal eco-system of the Black sea. The ecological problems can be solved only by joint efforts of the ecologists-professionals, state bodies and public.
Is very insulting and is sick for that inheritance, that remained to Ukraine in questions of nature-using and protection of the Black Sea. A low level of ecological consciousness, the lack of knowledge has resulted that the man has conflicted to a nature, result of this contradiction - ecological crisis of a coastal zone of the Black Sea.
Until recently in general was given to questions of ecology insufficient understanding the accepted decisions on them have remained quite often only on words and were not supported with concrete businesses. Thus the complex ecological problems were sometimes ignored. The stepped changes of our attitude for ecological problems - pledge of their successful practical decision.
It is necessary to remember, that the protection of a nature of the Black Sea is one of duties of each citizen of Ukraine. Each of us should know and to remember that from him, the condition of sea eco-system depends on his attitude, that each of us bears responsibility for a condition of sea environment. For the decision of an ecological problem to each inhabitant of Ukraine, irrespective of, whether is he having a rest on the sea or inhabitant of a coastal zone, or worker of manufacture the ecological belief are necessary. To impart them it is necessary since children\’s years, since children\’s garden and during all life. The large responsibility for ecological education lay on school.
The large importance in education of children have the various ecological programs, educational measures, which component is the performance of the research tasks under the direction of conducting ecologists, teachers of higher educational institutions, by definition of an
ecological condition of various natural objects. The participation of the pupils in such programs and researches during long time is more productive, than participation in the short actions. For children the participation in monitoring researches is remembered on all life, and for some the object of supervision becomes a part of their life. The large attention in attraction of children for participation in monitoring researches give the Youth ecological centre named by V.I. Vernadsky. At creative cooperation with the ecological centre of comprehensive schools, children actively participate in tutorial-field practices, expeditions of the pupils, ecological programs and projects. The pupils conduct supervision for quality of sea waters, determine an ecological condition of water resources in a coastal zone of the sea. A subject of the special attention is Dnestr delta. The first supervision they protect at session of Small Academy of Sciences “Ptometey”.
Accommodation of Carolino-Bugaz school in a coastal zone of the Black Sea on a coast of Dnestr delta has caused that a priority direction of education of the pupils has become ecological (education of ecological culture, harmony in the attitudes with a nature). At school the ecological club is organized which is a part of continuous ecological education. Into structure of club enter of section: "Home-land of", "Rodnichok", "Friends of birds".
With interest children take part in competitions of figures, produce the ecological bulletins about beauty of the homeland and distribute among the local population. Children together with the adults clear a coast of the sea of dust, the impressions write down in the "Plaintive book of a nature " on behalf of the representatives of flora and fauna. The purposes, directions, contents, form of work, means and methods of realization of ecological education are precisely traced at drawing up and realization of the ecological projects. Each project - small step on ways to ecological culture, drop in the sea of vital experience, which forms the person. With the purpose of activization of ecological movement, formation of ecological culture of the reference of attention of local councils, public and state organizations to ecological problems of coast of the Black sea, at school is formed ecological agitation team, which acts before children and local population.
The huge importance on ecological education in the Odessa area has the Odessa humanitarian centre, which will carry out the large work on ecological education of the population. The condition of soul - here that will help to save up and to keep a nature! The teachers perfectly understand that an ecological problem, is a major pedagogical problem, but on it is a pity its many psychological and didactical aspects are still insufficiently investigated. The pedagogical aspect of this problem is to create and to introduce in life advanced system of ecological education and training since preschool establishments, schools of different types and finishing higher educational institutions. It is necessary to develop questions of ecological preparation on various educational levels, forms of education (through circles, post-time lessons, subjects behind a choice of the pupils and through educational subjects) and most effective methods of training (field practical works, through Internet, participation of children in monitoring researches together with the adults…). The basic concepts, principles and rules should be specified in the field of protection of a nature, is prepared and the educational and methodical literature is lead up to the teacher.
The psychological aspect of an ecological problem even less developed, is that the citizen of Ukraine should have become ecologically conscious. The basic category of psychology - person and activity - should include the attitude to a nature. The importance has a question on motives of nature-protective activity. Alongside with economic and scientific motives the increasing importance has the moral motives of protection of a nature. Without formation of the person it is impossible to solve an ecological problem. Therefore, the development of psychology-pedagogical bases of ecological education and behaviour becomes one of major tasks, which should attract attention of the experts. The knowledge of the conducting experts-ecologists is necessary for finishing up to a public. The colourful books on ecology are necessary for ecological education of children. It is necessary to lead up the information so that each inhabitant of a coastal zone knew "that" it is necessary to protect, "where" it is, and "as" it can be made. Above these questions the press, science, official bodies and school should work.
Task of schools not only to give knowledge in all educational subjects, but also to take part in creation of new formation of the ecologically conscious people.
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